Co-Dependents Anonymous (CoDA) is a twelve-step program A twelve-step program is a set of guiding principles outlining a course of action for recovery from addiction, compulsion, or other behavioral problems. Originally proposed by Alcoholics Anonymous as a method of recovery from alcoholism, the Twelve Steps were first published in the book, Alcoholics Anonymous: The Story of How More Than One Hundred for people who share a common desire to develop functional and healthy relationships.^[1][2] CoDA was founded in 1986 in Phoenix, Arizona Phoenix is the capital and largest city of the U.S. state of Arizona, as well as the fifth most populated city in the United States. Phoenix is home to approximately 1.5 million people, and is the anchor of the Phoenix metropolitan area (also known as the Valley of the Sun), the 12th largest metro area by population in the United States with. CoDA is active in more than 40 countries, with approximately 1200 groups active in the United States.^{[citation needed]}

Codependence Codependency or codependence is a tendency to behave in overly passive or excessively caretaking ways that negatively impact one's relationships and quality of life. It also often involves putting one's needs at a lower priority than others while being excessively preoccupied with the needs of others. Codependency can occur in any type of is described as a disease that originates in dysfunctional families A dysfunctional family is a family in which conflict, misbehavior, and often abuse on the part of individual members occur continually and regularly, leading other members to accommodate such actions. Children sometimes grow up in such families with the understanding that such an arrangement is normal. Dysfunctional families are primarily a result where children learn to overcompensate for their parents' disorders and develop an excessive sensitivity to others' needs. The term "dysfunctional family" originally referred only to families with patterns of interaction associated with alcoholism. It is now, however, recognized as a disease occurring in family systems based on "denial" or "shame-based rules." This includes a wide-spectrum of pathological emotional interactions in families, but there is always an avoidance of confrontation and inability to resolve conflict. This is sometimes described in terms like "enmeshment" or "blurred ego boundaries." Adult children of dysfunctional families often suffer from a sense of confusion and deprivation that has continued into their adult life — a feeling of "not knowing what normal is" — that has become an anguished desire to recover something emotionally missing in their upbringing. Co-Dependents Anonymous was formed to help individuals who grew up in all forms of dysfunctional families A dysfunctional family is a family in which conflict, misbehavior, and often abuse on the part of individual members occur continually and regularly, leading other members to accommodate such actions. Children sometimes grow up in such families with the understanding that such an arrangement is normal. Dysfunctional families are primarily a result, not just those involving alcoholism Alcoholism, also known as alcohol dependence, is a disabling addictive disorder. It is characterized by compulsive and uncontrolled consumption of alcohol despite its negative effects on the drinker's health, relationships, and social standing. Like other drug addictions, alcoholism is medically defined as a treatable disease. The term " or substance abuse Substance abuse, also known as drug abuse, refers to a maladaptive pattern of use of a substance that is not considered dependent. The term "drug abuse" does not exclude dependency, but is otherwise used in a similar manner in nonmedical contexts. The terms have a huge range of definitions related to taking a psychoactive drug or.^[3]

Codependence can be defined as a process addiction — an addiction to certain mood-altering behaviors, other such examples being eating disorders Eating disorders are a group of conditions characterized by abnormal eating habits that may involve either insufficient or excessive food intake to the detriment of an individual's physical and emotional health, binge eating disorder, bulimia nervosa, anorexia nervosa being the most common specific forms in the United States, Though primarily, gambling Gambling is the wagering of money or something of material value on an event with an uncertain outcome with the primary intent of winning additional money and/or material goods. Typically, the outcome of the wager is evident within a short period, sexual activity, overwork The term does not always imply that the person actually enjoys his work; it can imply that he simply feels compelled to do it. There is no generally accepted medical definition of such a condition, although some forms of stress, obsessive-compulsive personality disorder and obsessive-compulsive disorder can be work-related, and shopping Shopping is the examining of goods or services from retailers with the intent to purchase at that time. Shopping is an activity of selection and/or purchase. In some contexts it is considered a leisure activity as well as an economic one. Process addiction can be seen as a unifying principle, providing those in CoDA with a language to describe their disease.^[1] Codependence has been suggested as an underlying disease pervasive in all forms of addiction.^[4]

CoDA created a 38-item Likert A Likert scale is a psychometric scale commonly used in questionnaires, and is the most widely used scale in survey research, such that the term is often used interchangably with rating scale even though the two are not synonomous. When responding to a Likert questionnaire item, respondents specify their level of agreement to a statement. The-type checklist allowing one to evaluate how codependent one is. Possible scores range from 38 to 190, with higher scores representing greater codependence.^[5] The results of this instrument are strongly related to those of the Spann-Fischer Codependency Scale The Spann-Fischer Codependency Scale is a 16-item self-report instrument used to define and measure co-dependency in order to operationalize it as a personality disorder. Individual items are rated on a 6-point Likert scale, and then summed with two reversed items to describe co-dependency on a scale from a high of 96 to a low of 16. Scores on the and other such tests measuring codependence.^[6]

CoDA has one book approved for use as standard literature in the organization, titled Co-Dependents Anonymous.^[7] In addition, there are two more CoDA-endorsed books including a workbook and a book of daily meditations.^{[citation needed]}

See also

References

1. ^ ^{a b} Rice, John Steadman (1996). A Disease of One's Own: Psychotherapy, Addiction, and the Emergence of Co-Dependency. New Brunswick, New Jersey New Brunswick is a city and the county seat of Middlesex County, New Jersey, USA. It is 31 miles southwest of New York City on the southern bank of the Raritan River about 15 miles (24 km) from its mouth. The 2006 United States Census Bureau population estimate of New Brunswick was 50,172. It is also known by the local nickname "Hub City,&: Transaction Publishers. ISBN The International Standard Book Number is a unique numeric commercial book identifier based upon the 9-digit Standard Book Numbering (SBN) code created by Gordon Foster, now Emeritus Professor of Statistics at Trinity College, Dublin, for the booksellers and stationers W.H. Smith and others in 1966 0765804549. OCLC OCLC Online Computer Library Center, Inc. is "a nonprofit, membership, computer library service and research organization dedicated to the public purposes of furthering access to the world’s information and reducing information costs". It was incorporated on July 6, 1967 as the not-for-profit Ohio College Library Center. More than 72,00 33009336.
2. ^ Co-Dependents Anonymous (1998). The Preamble of Co-Dependents Anonymous. Archived from the original on 1999-11-10. http://web.archive.org/web/19991110055814/www.codependents.org/codapre.html. Retrieved 2010-01-03.
3. ^ Haaken, Janice (1993). "From Al-Anon to ACOA: Codependence and the Reconstruction of Caregiving". Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society 18 (2): 321–345. doi A digital object identifier is a character string used to uniquely identify an electronic document or other object. Metadata about the object is stored in association with the DOI name and this metadata may include a location, such as a URL, where the object can be found. The DOI for a document is permanent, whereas its location and other metadata:10.1086/494795. ISSN An International Standard Serial Number is a unique eight-digit number used to identify a print or electronic periodical publication. The ISSN system was adopted as international standard ISO 3297 in 2007. The ISO subcommittee TC 46/SC 9 is responsible for the standard 0097-9740.
4. ^ Loughead, Teri A. (October 1991). "Addictions as a process: Commonalties or codependence". Contemporary Family Therapy 13 (5): 455. doi A digital object identifier is a character string used to uniquely identify an electronic document or other object. Metadata about the object is stored in association with the DOI name and this metadata may include a location, such as a URL, where the object can be found. The DOI for a document is permanent, whereas its location and other metadata:10.1007/BF00890498. ISSN An International Standard Serial Number is a unique eight-digit number used to identify a print or electronic periodical publication. The ISSN system was adopted as international standard ISO 3297 in 2007. The ISO subcommittee TC 46/SC 9 is responsible for the standard 0892-2764.
5. ^ Charles L. Whitfield (September 1991). Co-dependence: Healing the human condition. Deerfield Beach, Florida: Health Communications, Inc. ISBN The International Standard Book Number is a unique numeric commercial book identifier based upon the 9-digit Standard Book Numbering (SBN) code created by Gordon Foster, now Emeritus Professor of Statistics at Trinity College, Dublin, for the booksellers and stationers W.H. Smith and others in 1966 155874150X. OCLC OCLC Online Computer Library Center, Inc. is "a nonprofit, membership, computer library service and research organization dedicated to the public purposes of furthering access to the world’s information and reducing information costs". It was incorporated on July 6, 1967 as the not-for-profit Ohio College Library Center. More than 72,00 23180004.
6. ^ Lindley, Natasha R.; Giordano, Peter J.; Hammer, Elliott D. (1999). "Codependency: Predictors and psychometric issues". Journal of Clinical Psychology 55 (1): 59–64. doi A digital object identifier is a character string used to uniquely identify an electronic document or other object. Metadata about the object is stored in association with the DOI name and this metadata may include a location, such as a URL, where the object can be found. The DOI for a document is permanent, whereas its location and other metadata:10.1002/(SICI)1097-4679(199901)55:1<59::AID-JCLP5>3.0.CO;2-M. PMID A PMID is a unique number assigned to each PubMed citation of life sciences and biomedical scientific journal articles. The related Pubmed Central archive may additionally assign a separate number, a PMCID (PubMed Central Identifier), normally written with a PMC prefix 10100831.
7. ^ Co-Dependents Anonymous (1995). Co-Dependents Anonymous (1st ed.). Phoenix, Arizona Phoenix is the capital and largest city of the U.S. state of Arizona, as well as the fifth most populated city in the United States. Phoenix is home to approximately 1.5 million people, and is the anchor of the Phoenix metropolitan area (also known as the Valley of the Sun), the 12th largest metro area by population in the United States with: Co-Dependents Anonymous. ISBN The International Standard Book Number is a unique numeric commercial book identifier based upon the 9-digit Standard Book Numbering (SBN) code created by Gordon Foster, now Emeritus Professor of Statistics at Trinity College, Dublin, for the booksellers and stationers W.H. Smith and others in 1966 0964710501. OCLC OCLC Online Computer Library Center, Inc. is "a nonprofit, membership, computer library service and research organization dedicated to the public purposes of furthering access to the world’s information and reducing information costs". It was incorporated on July 6, 1967 as the not-for-profit Ohio College Library Center. More than 72,00 34202694.

Further reading

• Antze, P. (September 2002). "Review of - "Codependent Forevermore: The Invention of Self in a Twelve Step Group"". Transcultural Psychiatry 39 (3): 399–401. doi A digital object identifier is a character string used to uniquely identify an electronic document or other object. Metadata about the object is stored in association with the DOI name and this metadata may include a location, such as a URL, where the object can be found. The DOI for a document is permanent, whereas its location and other metadata:10.1177/136346150203900307.
• Mitchell-Norberg, J.; Warren, C. A. B.; Zale, S. L. (1995). "Gender and CoDependents Anonymous". in Flaherty, Michael G., Ellis, Carolyn. Social perspectives on emotion. 3. Greenwich, Conn.: JAI Press Inc. pp. 121–147. ISBN The International Standard Book Number is a unique numeric commercial book identifier based upon the 9-digit Standard Book Numbering (SBN) code created by Gordon Foster, now Emeritus Professor of Statistics at Trinity College, Dublin, for the booksellers and stationers W.H. Smith and others in 1966 1559381426. OCLC OCLC Online Computer Library Center, Inc. is "a nonprofit, membership, computer library service and research organization dedicated to the public purposes of furthering access to the world’s information and reducing information costs". It was incorporated on July 6, 1967 as the not-for-profit Ohio College Library Center. More than 72,00 54996908.
• Bjorklund (2000). "Book Reviews - "Codependent Forevermore: The Invention of Self in a Twelve Step Group"". American Journal of Sociology 105 (6): 1803–5. doi A digital object identifier is a character string used to uniquely identify an electronic document or other object. Metadata about the object is stored in association with the DOI name and this metadata may include a location, such as a URL, where the object can be found. The DOI for a document is permanent, whereas its location and other metadata:10.1086/210495.
• "Review of Codependent Forevermore: The Invention of Self in a Twelve Step Group". Adolescence 40 (159): 684. Fall 2005. Archived from the original on 2010-01-03. http://www.webcitation.org/5mVne8wdT.
• Irvine, L., & Klocke, B. (July 2001). "Redefining men: Alternative masculinities in a twelve-step program". Men and Masculinities 4 (1): 27–48. doi A digital object identifier is a character string used to uniquely identify an electronic document or other object. Metadata about the object is stored in association with the DOI name and this metadata may include a location, such as a URL, where the object can be found. The DOI for a document is permanent, whereas its location and other metadata:10.1177/1097184X01004001002. Archived from the original on 2010-01-03. http://www.webcitation.org/5mVq8j19r. Retrieved 2010-01-03.

External links

• Co-Dependents Anonymous
• Co-Dependents Anonymous United Kingdom
• Co-Dependents Recovery Society (Canada)
• Works by or about Co-Dependents Anonymous in libraries (WorldCat WorldCat is a union catalog which itemizes the collections of 71,000 libraries in 112 countries which participate in the Online Computer Library Center global cooperative. It is built and maintained collectively by the participating libraries catalog)

Categories: Twelve-step programs A twelve-step program is a fellowship which aims at the recovery of its members from the consequences of an addiction, a compulsion, a mental disorder, illness or another harmful influence on their lives, with the help of the Twelve Steps. Also the specific program of recovery that is applied within such a fellowship, is called a twelve-step | Organizations established in 1986 | Non-profit organizations based in the United States Categories: Non-profit organizations by country | Organizations based in the United States | International non-profit organizations Categories: Non-profit organizations | International organizations

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